While you are waiting in the check-out line, you read the back of the packaging. If the current flowing through the light is 0.050 amps, how much resistance is within the circuit?Ģ.You finally found the MP3 player that you have wanted for months. If the air pump is powered by a 9 volt battery with a resistance of 18 ohms, what is the amount of current flowing through the circuit?ġ.A DJ uses a 110 volt outlet to plug in a strobe light. On a camping trip, you decide to use a cordless air pump to inflate an inflatable mattress. Provide the appropriate unit for each measurement. Identify the known and unknown values for each circuit. Use the Ohm’s law table provided to work through activity practice problems and lab calculations. It is important to understand the mathematical equation for Ohm’s law. While electrons continuously flow along a given circuit, opposition to their movement is referred to as resistance. Voltage refers to the potential difference, or amount of work to be done to move a charge from one point to another along an electric circuit. What causes the electrons to move? A motivation, or voltage, causes the electrons to flow. This flow of electrons is referred to as current. In other words, an electric circuit represents the flow of electrons along a conductive pathway between two points. Ohm’s law states that the direct current flowing in an electric circuit is directly proportional to the voltage applied to the circuit. The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance within an electrical circuit was developed by Georg Simon Ohm and is known today as Ohm’s law. The table below illustrates circuit symbols to be used within schematics throughout this lab. Schematics are diagrams consisting of symbol representations and configurations of electrical components within a circuit. You will use a virtual multimeter to measure properties within the circuit. Your team will construct circuits using an online electricity simulator. This activity will provide you with an introduction to voltage, current, resistance, series circuits, parallel circuits, and Ohm’s Law. Electrical circuits provide an uninterrupted path for current travel and are broken into two distinct categories of design: series circuits and parallel circuits. Electrical circuits consist of the following components: an energy source to provide voltage, conductors to allow current travel, insulators to limit current travel, and a load. Understanding the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance allows engineers to design efficient, safe, and functional electrical circuits. Resistance is the opposition to the flow of current. Voltage is the amount of work required to move a charge from one point to another. Current is the net transfer of electric charge per unit of time. Regardless of the conversion process, electrical energy consists of three basic components: current, voltage, and resistance. Electrical energy, depending on geographic location, is converted from mechanical energy, chemical energy, light energy, and thermo energy before it reaches the consumer. Today’s consumer utilizes electrical energy in all aspects of life, from cell phones and computers to refrigeration and heating and cooling systems, and even transportation. In the 21 st century, electrical energy production, distribution, and application have become consumer driven. Since the late 1800s, engineers have designed systems to utilize electrical energy due to its ability to be converted, stored, transmitted, and reconverted efficiently into other forms of energy. Introduction to Electric Circuits Electric Circuit SchematicsĪctivity 1.2.3 Electrical Circuits – Simulation.
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